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 秦岭土壤环境变化对土壤动物群落的影响()
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《西北林学院学报》[ISSN:1001-7461/CN:61-1202/S]

卷:
第27卷
期数:
2012年06期
页码:
1-7
栏目:
出版日期:
2012-11-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
 Effects of the Changes in Soil Environment on Community Structure of Soil Animal in Qinling Mountains
文章编号:
1001-7461(2012)06-0001-07
作者:
 白登忠; 谢寿安; 史睿杰; 成洪刚
 （1.中国林业科学研究院 森林生态环境与保护研究所，北京 100091；2.西北农林科技大学 林学院，陕西 杨陵 712100；3.秦岭太白山自然保护区管理局，陕西 宝鸡 721000）
Author(s):
 BAI Deng-zhong;  XIE Shou-an;  SHI Rui-jie;  CHENG Hong-gang
 （1.Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; 2. College of Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 3. Management Bureau of Tanibai Mountains Nature Reserve, Baoji, Shaanxi 721000, China）
关键词:
 ; 土壤动物; 群落结构; 土壤; 生物多样性指数
Keywords:
 ; soil animal;  community structure;  soil;  biodiversity index
分类号:
S714.3
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
 为探讨秦岭土壤环境变化对土壤动物群落结构的影响，采用取样调查法，调查了秦岭太白山自然保护区不同类型土壤环境中土壤动物群落，共捕获土壤动物5 048只，分别隶属于23个类群。土壤动物群落随土壤环境的改变而发生明显的变化。土壤理化特性测定表明：腐殖质和氮磷钾3种营养元素在5种土壤环境中的含量随着海拔增高向上逐渐增加，特别是在棕壤森林土、暗棕壤森林土和亚高山草甸土中的含量比较高；供试土壤酸度随海拔高度增加逐渐增加：土壤pH值由7.08降至5.18；土壤容重总体上呈先减小后增加的趋势；而土壤孔隙度的变化规律刚好相反；土壤质地逐渐从壤质粘土变为沙质壤土；土壤微生物数量逐渐增加，其中土壤细菌和土壤放线菌数量在暗棕壤森林土中最高，土壤真菌数量在棕壤森林土为最高，而在亚高山草甸土和高山草甸土中，土壤微生物的数量陡然下降。多样性指数研究结果表明，土壤动物群落随土壤环境的改变而发生明显的变化：土壤动物多样性指数依次为棕壤森林土＞褐色森林土＞亚高山草甸土＞暗棕壤森林土＞高山草甸土。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数能较好地反映不同土壤环境中土壤动物群落的多样性状况，并且和Berger-Parker生态优势度指数呈明显的负相关。

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