[1]李建康,王春燕*,王培新,等.不同整地方式对鼢鼠危害油松抑制作用研究[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(04):153-164.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2015.04.25]
　LI Jian-kang,WANG Chun-yan*,WANG Pei-xin,et al. Inhibition of Different Soil Preparation Methods on Chinese Pine Damage by Zokors[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2015,30(04):153-164.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2015.04.25]
点击复制

不同整地方式对鼢鼠危害油松抑制作用研究()
分享到：

《西北林学院学报》[ISSN:1001-7461/CN:61-1202/S]

卷:
第30卷
期数:
2015年04期
页码:
153-164
栏目:
出版日期:
2015-07-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
 Inhibition of Different Soil Preparation Methods on Chinese Pine Damage by Zokors
文章编号:
1001-7461(2015)04-0153-12
作者:
 李建康1; 2; 王春燕1*; 王培新2; 张芳宝3; 杨清娥1
 （1. 西北农林科技大学 林学院，陕西 杨陵 712100；2. 陕西省森林病虫害防治检疫总站，陕西 西安 710082；3. 延安市森林病虫害防治检疫站，陕西 延安 716000）
Author(s):
 LI Jian-kang1; 2;  WANG Chun-yan1*;  WANG Pei-xin2;  ZHANG Fang-bao3;  YANG Qing-e1
 (1. College of Forestry, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 2. Shaanxi Station of Forest Pest Management, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710082, China; 3. Yan’an Station of Forest Pest Management, Yan’an, Shaanxi 716000, China)
关键词:
 ; 鼢鼠; 深坑整地; 水平沟整地; 预防效果; 抗逆性
Keywords:
 ; zokor;  deep pit soil preparation;  horizontal ditch soil preparation;  preventive effect;  stress resistance
分类号:
S764.5
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2015.04.25
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
 干旱和鼠害是造林初期决定林木保存率的关键因素。鼢鼠对定植1～10 a的油松被害死亡率介于25.0%～91.4%。如何将生态调控原理与抗逆造林相结合，从造林源头预防鼢鼠对林木危害是一个重要的研究课题。以穴状整地为对照，研究了深坑整地和水平沟整地造林后鼢鼠与油松动态关系。结果表明，造林初期鼢鼠密度上升，深坑整地试验区定植2 a时最高，水平沟整地3 a时最高，两者年均鼢鼠封洞率分别为12.5%±0.9%和9.6%±0.7%，时序动态遵从Cubic-模型。试验期内，穴状整地均有林木被害和死亡；深坑整地被害期为定植2 a后，致死期在定植后4～5 a；水平沟分别为定植后1 a和定植后2～4 a。深坑整地和水平沟整地累年被害率为1.6%±0.2%和9.9%±1.1%，对应的穴状整地为55.7%±2.3%和52.3%±7.7%；两者累年致死率分别0.5%±0.2%和2.6%±0.8%，穴状整地为39.9%±3.9%和22.7%±1.5%；处理与穴状整地差异极显著（p=0.000）。深坑整地试验区，两者年均被害死亡率分别为33.3%±16.7%和67.3%±2.8%；水平沟整地试验区为19.0%±3.8%和54.4%±1.5%，处理与穴状整地差异极显著（p=0.000）。2个试验区比较，差异不显著（p＜0.05）。综合被害预防效果分别为96.8%±1.0%和73.6%±3.2%，差异极显著（p=0.000）；综合致死预防效果95.9%±3.6%和90.7%±4.4%，差异不显著（p=0.333）；2试验区的综合被害死亡预防效果分别为63.9%±21.8%和70.7%±12.6%，差异不显著（p=0.296）。深坑整地抗逆指数逐年下降，年均12.6%±4.4%，累年75.4%±1.8%；水平沟整地定植当年的抗逆指数为负值，3 a时抗逆性最强，年均9.5%±0.6%，累年57.0%±3.3%。两者累年抗逆作用差异极显著（p=0.000），年均差异不显著（p=0.722）。表明深坑整地和水平沟整地对鼢鼠危害均有极显著的抑制作用；同时能提高林木抗逆性，降低自然死亡率。
Abstract:
 At early planting stages, the drought and rodent pest were key factors to determine the preserving rate of the trees planted. Resulting in 25.0%-91.4% death rate of the young seedlings after 1 to 10 years of planting. It is an important research topic of reducing forest damages by zokors from the combinations of ecological control with the stress-resistant forestation techniques. In this paper, two site preparation methods, deep pits and horizontal ditches were adopted to examine the dynamic relations between zokor damage and Pinus tabulaeformis preservation. The pit-like soil preparation method was used as the control. The results showed that the zokor density increased gradually with time in early stages after planting, the highest zokor density appeared in the second year of planting for deep pit method, and in the third year for horizontal ditch method. The dynamics of temporal series of zokor densities were in accordance with the Cubic-model. During the test period, damaged and dead trees were observed all the time for pit-like method. For deep pit method, the damage period and lethal period appeared in 2 years and 4 to 5 years after planting; for horizontal ditch method, they were 1 year and 2 to 4 years. The cumulative annual damage rates for deep pit and horizontal ditch methods were 1.6%±0.2% and 9.9%±1.1%, respectively, and cumulative annual lethal rates were 0.5%±0.2% and 2.6%±0.8%, respectively; while for the control, the cumulative annual damage rates were 55.7%±2.3% and 52.3%±7.7%, cumulative annual lethal rates were 39.9%±3.9% and 22.7%±1.5%, the differences between the treatments and control were very significantly different (p=0.000). In the test region of deep pit soil preparation, both annual average tree damage mortality were 33.3%±16.7% and 67.3%±2.8%, in the test zone of horizontal ditch soil preparation, they were 19.0%±3.8% and 54.4%±1.5%, the treatments and control were very significantly different (p=0.000), but there was no obvious difference between two test regions (p＜0.05). Synthetic damage preventive effects were 96.8%±1.0% and 73.6%±3.2%, both were very significantly different (p=0.000), synthetic lethal preventive effect were 95.9%±3.6% and 90.7%±4.4%, both were not obviously different (p=0.333). Between two test regions, synthetic preventive effects of injured death were 63.9%±21.8% and 70.7%±12.6%, no obvious difference (p=0.296). Annual resistant index of deep pit soil preparation decreased progressively year by year with time, annual average resistant index was 12.6%±4.4%, and cumulative annual resistant index was 5.4%±1.8%. By using horizontal ditch soil preparation, in the planting current year, the annual average resistant index was a negative value, the annual average resistant index was 9.5%±0.6%, and cumulative annual resistant index was 57.0%±3.3%%. The experimental results proved that both deep pit soil preparation and horizontal ditch soil preparation had very significantly inhibitory effects on forest damage by zokors. At the same time, these two preparation methods could increase stress resistance and reduce the forest natural mortality.

相似文献/References:

[1]韩崇选,辛晓辉,张放,等.黄土高原主要造林树种对鼢鼠危害的抗性研究黄土高原主要造林树种对鼢鼠危害的抗性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(01):116.
　HAN Chongxuan,XIN Xiaohui,ZHANG Fang,et al.Zokor Resistance of Main Tree Species on Loess Plateau[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2009,24(04):116.
[2]崔迅,韩崇选通讯作者韩崇选。,王明春,等.黄土高原次生林改造林地鼢鼠发生规律研究黄土高原次生林改造林地鼢鼠发生规律研究[J].西北林学院学报,2007,22(01):96.
　CUI Xun,HAN Chongxuan,WANG Mingchun,et al.A Study on the Outbreak Regularity of Zokor in the Improved Secondary Forests on the Loess Plateau[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2007,22(04):96.
[3]李亚藏,梁彦兰,王庆成. 铅对山梨和山荆子光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(05):21.
　LI Ya-cang,LIANG Yan-lan,WANG Qing-cheng. Influence of Pb on Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics in Pyrus ussuriensis and Malus baccata [J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2012,27(04):21.
[4]张小咏,李佳,杨艳昭,等. 基于SWAT模型的长江源区径流模拟[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(05):38.
　ZHANG Xiao-yong,LI Jia,YANG Yan-zhao,et al. Runoff Simulation of the Catchment of the Headwaters of the Yangtze River Based on SWAT Model[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2012,27(04):38.
[5]杨红旗,陈广辉,王金林. PVAc改性酚醛树脂制备铝木复合材料研究[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):170.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.34]
　YANG Hong-qi,CHEN Guang-hui,WANG Jin-lin. PF Adhesive Modified by PVAc for Manufacturing Technology of Decorative Fiberboard with Aluminum Foils[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(04):170.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.34]
[6]江涛,李秀荣,谢延军,等. 微波预处理对巨尾桉木材渗透性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):174.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.35]
　JIANG Tao,LI Xiu-rong,XIE Yan-jun,et al. Effects of Microwave Pretreatment on the Permeability of Eucalyptus grandis×Eucalyptus urophylla[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(04):174.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.35]
[7]牛晓霆,王逢瑚,曹新民. 明清家具匠师原木下料的工艺原则及措施[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):178.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.36]
　NIU Xiao-ting,WANG Feng-hu,CAO Xin-min. Techniques and Principles of Log Cuttings of Furniture Makers in Ming and Qing Dynasties[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(04):178.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.36]
[8]吕金阳,覃卓凯,舒辉,等. 银杉木材构造美学价值[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):183.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.37]
　LV Jin-yang,QIN Zhuo-kai,SHU Hui,et al. Esthetical Values in Wood Structure of Cathaya argyrophylla[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(04):183.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.37]
[9]杨艳红,张海敏,孙景荣. 基于传统文化视角的现代家具设计探析[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):188.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.38]
　YANG Yan-hong,ZHANG Hai-min,SUN Jing-rong. Study of Modern Furniture Design Based on Traditional Culture[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(04):188.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.38]
[10]黄圣游,叶喜. 新中式家具“中式”传统的界定[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):192.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.39]
　HUANG Sheng-You,YE Xi. Definition of Traditional Element in New Chinese Style Furniture[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(04):192.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.39]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
 收稿日期：2013-11-07修回日期：2014-12-22
基金项目：林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201404405)；国家林业局林业科学研究项目(2012-02)；西北农林科技大学科研启动经费(Z111021204)。
作者简介：李建康，男，高级工程师，研究方向：森林病虫害防治。E-mail:1964ljk@163.com
*通信作者：王春燕，女，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向：森林保护学。E-mail:chunyan@nusuaf.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: