[1]张运林,郭妍,胡海清*. 2001-2017年西南地区森林火灾数据特征分析[J].西北林学院学报,2021,36(1):179-186.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2021.01.26]
　ZHANG Yun-lin,GUO Yan,HU Hai-qing*. Characteristics of Forest Fire Data in Southwest China during 2001-2017[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2021,36(1):179-186.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2021.01.26]
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 2001-2017年西南地区森林火灾数据特征分析()
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《西北林学院学报》[ISSN:1001-7461/CN:61-1202/S]

卷:
第36卷
期数:
2021年第1期
页码:
179-186
栏目:
出版日期:
2021-01-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
 Characteristics of Forest Fire Data in Southwest China during 2001-2017
文章编号:
1001-7461(2021)01-0179-08
作者:
 张运林1; 郭妍2; 胡海清2*
 (1.贵州师范学院 生物科学学院，贵州 贵阳 550018；2.东北林业大学 林学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040）
Author(s):
 ZHANG Yun-lin1; GUO Yan2; HU Hai-qing2*
 (1.School of Biological Sciences,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,Guizhou,China; 2.College of Forestry,Northeast Forest University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)
关键词:
 ; 森林火灾; 年际变化; 火源; 西南地区
Keywords:
 ; forest fire;  inter-annual change;  fire sources;  southwest region
分类号:
S762.1
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2021.01.26
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
 根据中国林业信息网提供的2001-2017年西南地区森林火灾数据，计算森林火灾发生次数、火灾面积、受害森林面积、人员伤亡和火源类型等森林火灾指标的年际和空间变化，得到各指标之间的相关性，分析西南5省市森林火灾特点和规律，并根据火源引起森林火灾次数和方差分析，确定西南地区主要火源和不同省市之间的差异。结果表明：1）2001-2017年，西南地区年均森林火灾次数1 977次，年均过火面积2.43万hm2，年均过火森林面积0.50万hm2，年均成林蓄积损失15.68万m3，年均人员伤亡29人，年均投入扑火车辆2.24万辆，均呈逐年下降趋势；2）火灾次数、火灾面积和受害森林面积等在不同省市和空间差异显著，火灾面积对伤亡人数、扑火经费、出动车辆和飞机数量等都有显著影响；3）人为火源占已查明火源的96%以上，其中烧荒烧炭（38.98%）和上坟烧纸（15.39%）分别是最主要的生产性火源和非生产性火源；4）近几年，烧荒烧炭、炼山造林、上坟烧纸、野外吸烟和电线引火是西南地区主要火源，不同省市间人为火起因差异显著。研究结果表明:西南地区森林火灾绝大多数都是人为，与人类活动密切相关，建议在掌握研究区各省市森林火灾时空分布和火源特征基础上，加强基层防火宣传与教育，加大烧荒烧炭及上坟烧纸等火源的管控力度，是减少该地区森林火灾的重要措施。研究能够为西南地区各省市林火预测和林火管理防治提供科学依据。
Abstract:
 Based on the forest fire data in Southwestern China from 2001 to 2017 provided by China Forestry Information Network,the inter annual and spatial changes of forest fire indexes were calculated,such as the number,area,casualties,and source types,from which the correlations among the indexes were obtained.The characteristics and rules of forest fire in five provinces and cities were analyzed.Based on the occurrence number and variance analysis,differences in the main fire sources between the provinces and cities in Southwestern China were determined.The results showed that 1) from 2001 to 2017,the average number of forest fire occurred in Southwestern China was 1 977 with a burned area of 24 000 hm2 and a burned forest area of 5 000 hm2,which caused the losses of 156 800 m3 forest volume,29 casualties,and 22 400 fire fighting vehicles.These numbers presented a declined trend year by year.2) Significant differences were found in the number of forest fire,the burned area,and the burned forest area among different provinces and cities.The burned area presented significant impact on the number of casualties,fire fighting funds,the number of vehicles and aircrafts to fight fire.3) Over 96% of the identified fire sources were from human being,in which crop residue burning (38.98%) and sacrifice fire (15.39%) were the main productive and non-productive fire sources,respectively.4) In recent year,the crop residue burning,slash burning,sacrifice fire,smoking and wires were the main fire sources in the region.There were significant differences in the causes of man-made fire between different provinces and cites.Based on the fact that the most of the forest fires in Southwestern China were closely related to human activities,it was suggested that on the basis of mastering the temporal and spatial distribution of forest fires and the characteristics of fire sources in all provinces and cities in the study area,the grass-roots fire prevention publicity and education should be strengthened.Human activities,such as crop residue burning and sacrifice fire should be controlled.The publicity and education of fire prevention should be strengthened.This study can provide technical support for fire prevention management policies in the provinces in Southwestern China.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
 收稿日期：2020-03-24修回日期：2020-04-01
基金项目：贵州师范学院博士项目(2019BS005); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(31370656)。
作者简介：张运林,副教授,博士。研究方向:林火管理。E-mail:251045762@qq.com
*通信作者：胡海清,教授,博士生导师。研究方向:林火管理。E-mail:huhq@nefu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: