[1]庞群虎,宋丽华,王竞,等. 生草当年对枣园土壤性状及红枣品质的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2019,34(1):124-129.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2019.01.18]
　PANG Qun-hu,SONG Li-hua,WANG Jing,et al. Effects of Growing Grasses in Jujube Orchards on Soil Properties and Fruit Quality[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2019,34(1):124-129.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2019.01.18]
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 生草当年对枣园土壤性状及红枣品质的影响()
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《西北林学院学报》[ISSN:1001-7461/CN:61-1202/S]

卷:
第34卷
期数:
2019年第1期
页码:
124-129
栏目:
出版日期:
2019-01-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
 Effects of Growing Grasses in Jujube Orchards on Soil Properties and Fruit Quality
文章编号:
1001-7461(2019)01-0124-06
作者:
 庞群虎1; 宋丽华1; 王竞1; 孙权1; 齐雁冰2; 王锐1*
 （1.宁夏大学 农学院，宁夏 银川 750021；2.西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院，陕西 杨陵 712100）
Author(s):
 PANG Qun-hu1; SONG Li-hua1; WANG Jing1; SUN Quan1; QI Yan-bing2; WANG Rui1*
 (1.School of Agricultural,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China; 2.College of Resources and Environment ,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)
关键词:
 ; 生草; 枣园; 酶活性; 长枣品质; 土壤养分
Keywords:
 ; growing grass;  jujube orchard;  enzyme activity;  fruit quality;  soil nutrient
分类号:
S605.9
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2019.01.18
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
 探讨生草当年对宁夏灵武枣园土壤水溶性总盐、有机质及酶活性等土壤生化性状及红枣品质的影响。以宁夏灵武长枣为供试材料，以清耕为对照，分别生自然草、黑麦草、蒲公英、三叶草和黑麦草+豌豆，研究不同生草类型当年对枣园土壤性状及长枣品质的影响。所有生草处理在当年均能降低枣园土壤盐分含量，以生蒲公英最为显著，较清耕降低30.36%。生草当年对枣园表层土壤速效养分消耗较大。其中，黑麦草+豌豆对于土壤有机质、有效磷、速效钾和全氮消耗最大。生草当年可降低土壤脲酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性，同时对于提高过氧化氢酶的活性却有显著效果。各生草初期（除黑麦草和蒲公英）均可提升长枣Vc含量，以黑麦草+豌豆最为显著，较清耕提高60.66%；各生草处理可溶性糖含量均>清耕，且蒲公英处理达极显著水平，较清耕提高102.72%；但可溶性固形物含量除蒲公英外均<清耕。长枣纵径除自然草和三叶草外均>清耕；横径除自然草外均>清耕。生草当年能显著降低表层土壤盐分,提升长枣Vc和可溶性糖含量，但对表层土壤速效养分消耗较大。为了提升长枣的品质，确保枣园的健康可持续发展，在生草初期应根据生草带来的营养消耗及时补充矿质营养，避免草树争肥的问题。
Abstract:
 Effects of growing grasses in jujube orchars in Lingwu of Ningxia on the water-soluble salts,organic matter and enzyme activities of the soils and the fruit quality were studied.A 1-year-long experiment was conducted in a jujube orchard in which cultivar “Lingwu Changzao” (long jujube fruit) was cultivated.Six treatments were designed:grasses growing naturally; planting grass species of ryegrass,dandelion,clover,and ryegrass+pea,and clean tillage (control).It was found that all the grass-growing treatments could decrease the salt contents in the orchard soil.The degree of decrease in dandelion growing soil was the most significant:30.36% lower than the control.Available nutrients in the surface soil were consumed significantly.Among the treatments,growing ryegrass+peas consumed the most soil organic matter,available phosphorus,available potassium,and total nitrogen.Growing grass could reduce the activities of soil urease and alkaline phosphatase,and had a significant effect on increasing the activity of catalase.Except for ryegrass and dandelion,the Vc content in the jujube fruit increased,especialley in the treatment of growing ryegrass+peas:60.66% higher than the control.The contents of soluble sugar in the fruit of all grass growing treatments were higher than the control,and the dandelion growing treatment was extremely high:102.72% higher than the control.However,the contents of soluble solids in the grass growing treatments were lower than the control except for dandelion.The fruit longitudinal diameter of grass growing treatment was higher than the control except for the treatments of growing grasses naturally and planting clover.The transverse diameter of grass growing treatment was also higher than the control except for the treatment of growing grasses naturally.It was summarized that growing grasses could significantly reduce the surface soil salinity and increase the contents of Vc and soluble sugar in the fruit,but it consumed a large amount of available soil nutrients.In order to improve the quality of jujube and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of jujube orchard,in the early stage of grass planting,mineral nutrients should be replenished according to the nutrient consumption brought by the grasses,so that to avoid the problem of nutrient competition between grasses and jujube trees.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
 收稿日期：2018-04-21修回日期：2018-08-14
基金项目：宁夏西部一流大学重大创新项目（ZKZD2017008）；宁夏西部一流学科（园艺学）建设项目（NXYLXK2017B03）。
作者简介：庞群虎，男，在读硕士，研究方向：干旱区农业资源高效利用。E-mail：pangqunhu1994@163.com
*通信作者：王锐，男，博士，副教授，研究方向：干旱区土壤肥料。E-mail：amwangrui@126.com
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