[1]张志永,叶兵*,杨军,等. 杭州市城市森林生态保健功能动态变化监测[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(05):31-36.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2014.05.06]
　ZHANG Zhi-yong,YE Bing*,YANG Jun,et al. Monitoring of Dynamic Changes of Ecological Health Functions of Urban Forests in Hangzhou[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2014,29(05):31-36.[doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2014.05.06]
点击复制

 杭州市城市森林生态保健功能动态变化监测()
分享到：

《西北林学院学报》[ISSN:1001-7461/CN:61-1202/S]

卷:
第29卷
期数:
2014年05期
页码:
31-36
栏目:
出版日期:
2014-09-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
 Monitoring of Dynamic Changes of Ecological Health Functions of Urban Forests in Hangzhou
文章编号:
1001-7461(2014)05-0031-06
作者:
 张志永1; 2; 叶兵2*; 杨军3; 陈勤娟4; 何奇江5; 董建华5
 （1.中国林业科学院 荒漠化研究所，北京 100091；2.中国林业科学研究院 林业科技信息研究所，北京 100091；3.地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室，地球系统科学研究中心，清华大学，北京 100084）
Author(s):
 ZHANG Zhi-yong1; 2;  YE Bing2*;  YANG Jun3;  CHEN Qin-juan4;  HE Qi-jiang5; DONG Jian-hua5
 (1. Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;2. Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; 3. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
关键词:
 ; 城市森林; 生态保健功能; 群落结构
Keywords:
 ; urban forests;  ecological health functions;  community structure
分类号:
S731.2
DOI:
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2014.05.06
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
 选择杭州市具有代表性的郊野森林、森林公园、社区绿地3种类型的城市森林样地及城市中心对照点共4个监测点，建立定位监测站对气温、相对空气湿度、风速、CO2浓度、空气负氧离子浓度、噪声值等6项指标进行全天24 h不间断连续监测，并对周边的植被状况设置样地进行调查。综合监测数据和调查资料分析了城市森林生态保健功能的动态变化规律及群落结构对其影响。结果表明：1）城市森林具有良好的调节户外舒适度、降低CO2浓度、增加空气负氧离子浓度、降低噪声等生态保健功能；2）除噪声外，城市森林的其他多项生态保健功能的日变化曲线呈现出明显的单峰式。舒适度指数的最高值出现在5:00-6:00，最低值出现在12:00-14:00。CO2浓度的最高值出现在5:00-8:00，最低值出现在13:00-14:00。空气负氧离子浓度的最高值出现在15:00-16:00，最低值出现在21:00-22:00。郊野森林和森林公园噪声日变化波动性不大，均处于较低值；3）城市森林调节户外舒适度的功能在3种类型的城市森林均表现为冬季最低，而其他季节的次序并不一致。降低CO2浓度和增加空气负氧离子浓度的功能均为夏季最高，冬季最低，春、秋两季次之。降低噪声的生态保健功受季节的影响不明显。本研究还探讨了城市森林群落结构对所体现出来的城市森林生态保健功能的差异性的影响。
Abstract:
 In this study, three sites which represent typical types of urban forests (suburban forest, forest park, residential green space) and one control site (central city area) were chosen for long-term monitoring in the views of ecological healthcare function. At each site, a monitoring platform was set up to monitor air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, the concentration of carbon dioxide, the concentration of negative air ions, and noise level continuously. Conditions of surrounding vegetation were investigated by using sample plots. The results showed that (1) urban forests could regulate the outdoor comfort level, lower the concentration of CO2 and noise levels, and increase the concentration of negative air ions; 2) except for noise level, the daily variations of other ecological healthcare functions appeared as uni-modal curves. The comprehensive comfort index peaked around 5:00～6:00 AM and dropped to the lowest point around 12:00～14:00 PM. The concentration of CO2 was the highest around 5:00～8:00 AM and the lowest point appeared around 13:00～14:00 PM. The highest and lowest concentrations of air negative oxygen ions appeared around 15:00～16:00 PM and 21:00～22:00 PM, respectively; and 3) the capacity of the three types of urban forests in regulating the outdoor comfort level was the lowest in the winter but did not show a uniform pattern in other seasons. The functions of lowering the concentration of CO2 and increasing the concentration of negative air ions were both the highest in the summer and the lowest in the winter, with those of spring and fall falling in between. The function of lowering the noise level was not significantly affected by seasonality. The effects of community structures of urban forests on the variations of ecological health functions of these forests were also discussed.

参考文献/References:

 [1]SU M R, YANG Z F, CHEN B, et al. Urban ecosystem health assessment and its application in management: a multi-scale perspective[J]. Entropy, 2012, 15(1): 1-9.
[2]TYRVINEN LIISA, STEPHAN PAULEIT, KLAUS SEELAND, et al. Benefits and uses of urban forests and trees[M]// Urban Forests and Trees. Berlin Heidelberg:Springer,2005:81-114.
[3]蔡春菊, 彭镇华, 王成. 城市森林生态效益及其价值研究综述[J]. 世界林业研究, 2004, 17(3): 17-20.
CAI C J, PENG Z H, WANG C. The ecological benefit of urban forest and trees and its value[J]. World Forestry Research, 2004, 17(3): 17-20. (in Chinese)
[4]ESCOBEDO FRANCISCO J, TIMM KROEGER, JOHN E WAGNER. Urban forests and pollution mitigation: analyzing ecosystem services and disservices[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 59(8): 2078-2087.
[5]NOWAK DAVID J, JOHN F DWYER. Understanding the benefits and costs of urban forest ecosystems[M]//Urban and Community Forestry in the Northeast.Netherlands: Springer, 2007:25-46.
[6]JIM C Y, WENDY Y CHEN. Ecosystem services and valuation of urban forests in China[J]. Cities, 2009, 26(4): 187-194.
[7]张志永, 杨军, 李珣, 等. 城市森林生态效益评价工作现状分析——基于对城市林业主管部门的调查[J]. 北京林业大学学报:社会科学版, 2013, 12(2): 37-40.
ZHANG Z Y, YANG J, LI X, et al. Assessing the status of evaluation works on ecological benefits of urban forests——based on surveying urban forest management agencies[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University:Social Sciences, 2013, 12(2): 37-40. (in Chinese)
[8]张凯旋, 张建华. 上海环城林带保健功能评价及其机制[J]. 生态学报, 2013, 33(13): 4189-4198.
ZHANG K X，ZHANG J H． Health function evaluation and exploring its mechanisms in the Shanghai green belt, China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(13): 4189-4198. (in Chinese)
[9]徐文铎, 何兴元, 陈玮, 等. 沈阳城市森林小气候特征的研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(9): 1650-1654.
XU W D, HE X Y, CHEN W, et al. Microclimate characters of urban forest in Shenyang city[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(9): 1650-1654. (in Chinese)
[10]黄海霞, 李建龙, 黄良美. 南京市小气候日变化规律及其对人体舒适度的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2008, 27(4): 601-606.
HUANG H X, LI J L, HUANG L M. Diurnal variation patterns of microclimate and their effects on human comfort degree in Nanjing city[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2008, 27(4): 601-606. (in Chinese)
[11]方精云, 王襄平, 沈泽昊, 等. 植物群落清查的主要内容、方法和技术规范[J]. 生物多样性, 2009, 17(6): 533-548.
FANG J Y, WANG X P, SHEN Z H, et al. Methods and protocols for plant community inventory[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2009, 17(6): 533 -548. (in Chinese)
[12]李永宁, 张宾兰, 秦淑英, 等. 郁闭度及其测定方法研究与应用[J]. 世界林业研究, 2008, 21(1): 40-46.
LI Y N, ZHANG B L, QIN S Y, et al. Review of research and application of forest canopy closure and its measuring methods[J]. World Forestry Research, 2008, 21(1): 40-46. (in Chinese)
[13]李俊清, 牛树奎. 森林生态学[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006.
[14]刘文杰, 李红梅. 西双版纳旅游气候资源[J]. 自然资源, 1997(2): 62-66.
LIU W J, LI H M. Tourist climate resources in Xishuangbanna[J]. Natural Resources, 1997(2): 62-66.(in Chinese)
[15]张艳丽. 杭州市典型城市森林类型生态保健功能[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究院, 2013.
[16]甘辉亮, 吕传禄, 陈伯华. 美国海军飞行甲板人员的听力防护[J]. 海军医学杂志, 2009, 30(4):封三.
[17]胡译文, 秦永胜, 李荣桓, 等. 北京市三种典型城市绿地类型的保健功能分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2011, 20(12): 1872-1878.
HU Y W, QIN Y S, LI R H, et al. Study on the health function of three typical urban greenspaces in Beijing[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2011, 20(12): 1872-1878. (in Chinese)
[18]杨尚英, 穆婉红, 张秦伟, 等. 朱雀森林公园气候的疗养避暑功能研究[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2000, 15(3): 26-28.
YANG S Y, MU W H, ZHANG Q W, et al. A study on the function of recuperation and summer resort of the climate in Zhuque forest park[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2000, 15(3): 26-28. (in Chinese)
[19]刘娇妹, 李树华, 吴菲, 等. 纯林、混交林型园林绿地的生态效益[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(2): 674-684.
LIU J M, LI S H, WU F, et al. The ecological effects between pure woodland and mixed of urban green space[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(2): 674-684. (in Chinese)
[20]朱春全. 生态位态势理论与扩充假说[J]. 生态学报, 1997, 17(3): 324-332.
ZHU C Q. The niche ecostate-ecorole theory and expansion hypothesis[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 1997, 17(3): 324-332. (in Chinese)
[21]艾训儒. 百户湾森林群落优势种群空间生态位研究[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2006, 21(1): 12-17.
AI X R. Dominate populations spatial niche of forest community in Baihuwan[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2006, 21(1): 12-17. (in Chinese)
[22]范亚民, 何平, 李建龙, 等. 城市不同植被配置类型空气负离子效应评价[J]. 生态学杂志, 2005, 24(8): 883-886.
FAN Y M, HE P, LI J L, et al. Effect evaluation of air negative ions under different vegetation arrangements in Nanning city[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2005, 24(8): 883-886. (in Chinese)
[23]徐飞, 刘为华, 任文玲, 等. 上海城市森林群落结构对固碳能力的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2010, 29(3): 439-447.
XU F, LIU W H, REN W L, et al. Effects of community structure on carbon fixation of urban forests in Shanghai, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2010, 29(3): 439-447. (in Chinese)
[24]杨军, 代光辉, 张文娟. 城市林业规划与管理[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2011.
[25]吴楚材, 郑群明, 钟林生. 森林游憩区空气负离子水平的研究[J]. 林业科学, 2001, 37(5): 75-81.
WU C C, ZHENG Q M, ZHONG L S. A study of the aero-anion concentration in forest recreation area[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2001, 37(5): 75-81. (in Chinese)

相似文献/References:

[1]刘常富,赵爽,李玲,等.沈阳城市森林固碳和污染物净化效益差异初探[J].西北林学院学报,2008,23(04):56.
　LIU Chang fu,ZHAO Shuang,LI Ling,et al.Difference Analysis of Carbon Fixation and Pollution Removal of Urban Forest in Shenyang[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2008,23(05):56.
[2]李佳,张显,冀曼,等.西安城区城市森林建设现状及发展建议[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(06):185.
　LI Jia,ZHANG Xian,JI Man,et al.Present Situation and Proposals of Xi'an Urban Forest Construction[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2009,24(05):185.
[3]李亚藏,梁彦兰,王庆成. 铅对山梨和山荆子光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(05):21.
　LI Ya-cang,LIANG Yan-lan,WANG Qing-cheng. Influence of Pb on Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics in Pyrus ussuriensis and Malus baccata [J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2012,27(05):21.
[4]张小咏,李佳,杨艳昭,等. 基于SWAT模型的长江源区径流模拟[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(05):38.
　ZHANG Xiao-yong,LI Jia,YANG Yan-zhao,et al. Runoff Simulation of the Catchment of the Headwaters of the Yangtze River Based on SWAT Model[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2012,27(05):38.
[5]杨红旗,陈广辉,王金林. PVAc改性酚醛树脂制备铝木复合材料研究[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):170.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.34]
　YANG Hong-qi,CHEN Guang-hui,WANG Jin-lin. PF Adhesive Modified by PVAc for Manufacturing Technology of Decorative Fiberboard with Aluminum Foils[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(05):170.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.34]
[6]江涛,李秀荣,谢延军,等. 微波预处理对巨尾桉木材渗透性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):174.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.35]
　JIANG Tao,LI Xiu-rong,XIE Yan-jun,et al. Effects of Microwave Pretreatment on the Permeability of Eucalyptus grandis×Eucalyptus urophylla[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(05):174.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.35]
[7]牛晓霆,王逢瑚,曹新民. 明清家具匠师原木下料的工艺原则及措施[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):178.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.36]
　NIU Xiao-ting,WANG Feng-hu,CAO Xin-min. Techniques and Principles of Log Cuttings of Furniture Makers in Ming and Qing Dynasties[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(05):178.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.36]
[8]吕金阳,覃卓凯,舒辉,等. 银杉木材构造美学价值[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):183.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.37]
　LV Jin-yang,QIN Zhuo-kai,SHU Hui,et al. Esthetical Values in Wood Structure of Cathaya argyrophylla[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(05):183.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.37]
[9]杨艳红,张海敏,孙景荣. 基于传统文化视角的现代家具设计探析[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):188.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.38]
　YANG Yan-hong,ZHANG Hai-min,SUN Jing-rong. Study of Modern Furniture Design Based on Traditional Culture[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(05):188.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.38]
[10]黄圣游,叶喜. 新中式家具“中式”传统的界定[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(01):192.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.39]
　HUANG Sheng-You,YE Xi. Definition of Traditional Element in New Chinese Style Furniture[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(05):192.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.01.39]
[11]刘常富,张幔芳. 不同建筑密度下城市森林景观逆破碎化趋势[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(05):266.
　LIU Chang-fu,ZHANG Man-fang. Landscape Defragmentation Trends of Urban Forests under Different Building Densities[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2012,27(05):266.
[12]李辉,谢会成,赵春仙,等. 济南市城市森林结构特征分析[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(02):213.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.02.42]
　LI Hui,XIE Hui-cheng,ZHAO Chun-xian,et al. Analysis on Urban Forest Structure in Jinan[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(05):213.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.02.42]
[13]妙磊,郭风平. 生态价值视野中的城市森林分析[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(03):264.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.03.53]
　MIAO Lei,GUO Feng-ping. Evaluation of Urban Forests from the Perspective of Ecology[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(05):264.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.03.53]
[14]刘常富,商瑜,赵桂玲. 基于类型与影响因子的城市森林三维绿量量化差异分析[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(04):55.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.04.11]
　LIU Chang-fu,SHANG Yu,ZHAO Gui-ling. Quantitative Difference Analysis of Three-dimensional Green Biomass of Urban Forest Based on the Types and Influencing Factors[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2013,28(05):55.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.04.11]
[15]何友军,李际平,颜立红,等. 基于RS和GIS的长沙市森林景观结构研究[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(4):203.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2017.04.34]
　HE You-jun,LI Ji-ping,YAN Li-hong,et al. A Study on the Forest Landscape Structure Based on GIS & RS in Changsha[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2017,32(05):203.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2017.04.34]
[16]田晓春,刘学录*,任君,等. 基于GIS的兰州市安宁区城市森林服务效应分析[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(4):313.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.10017461.2017.04.53]
　TIAN Xiao-chun,LIU Xue-lu*,REN Jun,et al. Analysis on service effect of urban forests based on Gis in Anning district of Lanzhou[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2017,32(05):313.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.10017461.2017.04.53]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
 收稿日期：2013-12-30修回日期：2014-02-06
基金项目：国家林业局公益性行业科研专项“城市森林健康功能监测与评价体系研究”（201104035）。
作者简介：张志永，男，硕士研究生，研究方向：荒漠生态。E-mail: zzy100083@163.com
*通信作者：叶兵，男，博士，副研究员，研究方向：森林生态管理。E-mail: yb70@caf.ac.cn
更新日期/Last Update: