[1]方怀龙,玉宝,张东方,等. 林业自然保护区生态旅游利益相关者的利益矛盾起因及对策[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(04):252-257.
　FANG Huai-long,YU Bao,ZHANG Dong-fang,et al. Causes and Countermeasures of Interest Contradiction in Stakeholders of Ecotourism in Forestry Nature Reserves[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY,2012,27(04):252-257.
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 林业自然保护区生态旅游利益相关者的利益矛盾起因及对策()
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《西北林学院学报》[ISSN:1001-7461/CN:61-1202/S]

卷:
第27卷
期数:
2012年04期
页码:
252-257
栏目:
出版日期:
2012-07-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
 Causes and Countermeasures of Interest Contradiction in Stakeholders of Ecotourism in Forestry Nature Reserves
文章编号:
1001-7461(2012)04-0252-06
作者:
 方怀龙; 玉宝; 张东方; 皑妍
 （国家林业局 管理干部学院，北京 102600）
Author(s):
 FANG Huai-long; YU Bao;  ZHANG Dong-fang; AI Yan
 （State Academy of Forestry Administration, Beijing 102600, China）
关键词:
 ; 林业; 保护区; 生态旅游; 利益相关者; 角色定位
Keywords:
 ; forestry;  nature reserve;  ecotourism;  stakeholder;  role orientation
分类号:
S759.9
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
 对全国120个林业国家级保护区问卷调查和对6个保护区实地调查后发现，在81.3%保护区生态旅游中存在利益矛盾。保护区与旅游公司、当地政府、社区间矛盾较突出，所占比例分别为：45.8%、43.8%、37.5%。现有保护区生态旅游经营模式种类过多、经营管理体制机制不完善、行政级别差距过大、生态旅游经营权的分配或旅游经营公司的隶属关系、利益相关者定位不明确以及保护区在生态旅游中缺少话语权、保护区经费短缺、未充分发挥社区在保护资源和生态旅游中的特殊作用以及缺乏参与度等是造成利益矛盾的主要原因。解决这些利益矛盾，需要准确把握利益相关者的角色定位，明确各方责任和义务，处理好生态旅游开发与保护的关系，完善相应的政策机制，须建立利益相关者参与度的量化指标、衡量标准和约束机制。

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